Despite a huge amount of political opposition from the chemical industry, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced its first regulations aimed at limiting quantities of PFAs, or "forever chemicals," in American drinking water.

For decades, Polyfluoroalkyl substances or PFAs have been used for coatings that resist fire, oil, stains, and water and are now found in a wide variety of products like waterproof clothing, stain-resistant furniture, food packaging, adhesives, firefighting spray foams, and non-stick cooking surfaces.

There are thousands of PFAS compounds with varying effects and toxicity levels, and the new EPA regulations will require water utilities to test for 6 different classes of them.

The new standards will reduce PFAS exposure - and thereby decrease the health risk - for 100 million people in the U.S.

A fund worth $1 billion for treatment and testing will be made available to water utilities nationwide - part of a $9 billion investment made possible by the 2021. Bipartisan Infrastructure Law to assist communities impacted by PFAS contamination.

"Drinking water contaminated with PFAS has plagued communities across this country for too long," said EPA Administrator Michael S. Regan in a statement Wednesday.

Under Regan's leadership, the EPA began in 2021 to establish a roadmap for dealing with widespread PFAS contamination, and so far they've gathered much data, including monitoring drinking water, and begun requiring more reports from businesses about use of the unregulated substances.

The agency reported that current peer-reviewed scientific studies have shown that exposure to certain levels of PFAS may lead to a myriad of health issues that are difficult to specify because of the variety of compounds coming from different places.

Regardless, the 66,000 water utility operators will have five years to test for the PFAS pollution and install necessary technology to treat the contamination, which the EPA estimates that 6%-10% of facilities will need.

Records show that some of the manufacturers knew these chemicals posed health hazards. A few major lawsuits in recent years have been settled that sought to hold chemical companies, like 3M, accountable for the environment damage.

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